The manual of infection prevention and control provides practical guidance on all aspects of healthcare associated infections hais it outlines the basic concepts of infection prevention and control ipc modes of transmission surveillance control of outbreaks epidemiology and biostatistics. The nhsscotland national infection prevention and control manual nipcm was first published on 13 january 2012 by the chief nursing officer cno 20121 and updated on 17 may 2012 cno 20121 update. Manual of infection prevention and control nizam damani abstract it has been estimated that in developed countries up to 10 of hospitalized patients develop infections every year not only is there a substantial cost to healthcare systems but some health care associated infections hcais can be fatal since the majority of hcais are preventable reducing hcias is now considered to be an